The stop continued for 10 minutes, but it was complicated by defendant’s paperwork, and it was only as long as required. After that, he was validly asked for consent. United States v. Aponte, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 34017 (D. Neb. March 12, 2013).*
Defendant was driving a truck of a friend with a loud muffler, and the noise attracted the officers’ attention, and they saw him speeding. When pulled over, defendant had no paperwork for the truck, and his story was changing. Extending the stop was reasonable under the circumstances. United States v. Bernal, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 34822 (D. Guam March 11, 2013).*
On the totality, with information from other officers, officers had probable cause that defendant was involved in a hit and run, and that justified his stop. United States v. Perkins, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 34861 (D. Minn. January 11, 2013).*
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